Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD)
It is a common condition when the pregnant lady feels uncomfortable/pain in pelvic joints, when pelvic joints move unevenly.
It is not harmful to the fetus.
It is caused by the hormones released to loosen the ligaments and muscles for pregnancy.
Mothers with SPD can deliver vaginally. It is advised to check with the doctor regarding the proper position for delivery.
It usually improves after delivery.
Symptoms:
- Pain over pubic bone
- Pain in the area between anus and vagina
- Pain in the thighs or legs, with swelling
- Pain when going up and down the stairs, walking, standing on one leg, moving in bed during sleep.
- Pain in lower back
- Pain during intercourse
- Clicking sounds when moving the pelvic area
SPD risk factors:
It is unknown but it could be due to:
- Fetus position and weight
- Previous injury to the pelvis
- History of lower back or pelvic pain
- Overweight
- Multiparity
Risk factors related to labor:
- Rapid second stage of labor
- Intense contractions
- Forceps delivery
Diagnosis:
- Evoking the pain by pressure on trochanters or hip flexion
- Radiographic imaging
Treatments to ease the pain:
- Avoiding the activities that may cause the pain
- Wearing supportive flat shoes
- Sitting when getting dressed and undressed
- Getting help with the household
- Putting equal weight on both legs when standing
- Keeping the knees together when turning in bed or getting in and out of the car
- Sleeping on the side with a pillow between legs
- Avoiding carrying or pushing heavy things, or carrying on one hip
- Avoiding sitting on the floor
- Avoiding crossing legs
- Using warm or ice packs
- Physical therapy
- Painkillers prescribed by the doctor
- Walking with crutches
- Wearing pelvic support belt
- Pelvic floor, back and hip muscles strengthening exercises
